Tom,
Magnetic Declination is the reason. not the excuse. Magnetic Declination is well-understood by in aviation and maritme industries, especially in the polar areas where the declination is significant.
Within ICAO there is a debate as to whether to swap to true compass rather than magnetic compass as the navigational reference.
Max Igan reports that, according to his compass, when traveling between Chile and Australia that after takeoff the plane left Chile traveling towards the North-West and then towards the end of the flight it approached Australia from the South-West, despite his passenger terminal map displaying the RE directions. His experience regarding directions is what should generally occur if the flight were traveling on a Flat Earth Monopole Model.
Sorry, you mean he thinks he flew from Chile, and then approached Australia from the SW of it? i.e. flew all the way around it? Or do you mean he was heading SW towards Australia?
Why don't United fly direct from SCL to SYD?There are many reasons. One that doesn't seem to have been mentioned is that this would be an ICAO Fifth Freedom flight, in that an airline from state A (United/USA) would be flying from state B (Chile) to state C (Australia). These flights require international air services agreements between all the participating states (in this case USA, Chile and Australia), and negotiations are often protracted. The example you cite (United flying SCL-IAH-LAX-SYD does not require fifth freedom rights, as the whole journey would be covered by the more basic four freedoms (basically 2x state A to state B pairings, Chile to USA and then USA to Australia).
That's of course on top of the massive ecomonic argument against United flying direct SCL-SYD. I'm sure you appreciate this already, but a direct SCL-SYD flight would requitre, let's say, 150 passengers wanting to fly on that route. By flying SCL-IAH/LAX-SYD United can fill the SCL-IAH flight with a load of passengers, some who wish to fly SCL-IAH-JFK, some who wish to fly SCL-IAH-YVR, some SCL-IAH-DFW, SCL-IAH-SEA, SCL-IAH-FRA, SCL-IAH-LHR etc etc etc, and the same applies heading to SYD, United can fill the LAX-SYD with, yes, the ten people who departed SCL and want to go to SYD, but also people who have flown SEA-LAX-SYD, JFK-LAX-SYB, BOS-LAX-SYD, MIA-LAX-SYD etc etc. That's how hub and spoke operations work. If United were to open up a direct route they would see a significant increase in cost in terms of hotel accommodation for crews. Crews would fly IAH-SCL, then have one night in SCL, then fly SCL-SYD (this would no doubt require 4x pilots due to crew rest on this long leg, whereas IAH-SCL would only require 2 - so you're already adding up the cost). When the flight arrives in SYD, they'd need maybe 2 or 3 nights minimum rest, before coming back to SCL for another night or two before flying back to IAH. 10-12 days away from home base (IAH) would certainly mean quite an increased requirement for days off after this long duty period, reducing staff productivity further, and this might trigger union agrements for increased payments/allowances.
This is why the middle east airlines (Emirates, Etihad etc) have grown so much over the past two decades on the Europe-Asia/Australasia market. By being based in the 'middle', they can fly Europe-Middle East and connect passengers on to Middle East-Asia flights. European and Australiasian-based airlines have a disadvantage in terms of cost. British Airways used to fly London to Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide, Auckland etc (all via Hong Kong or Singapore), but now only fly to Sydney. In those days the Auckland trip was a 12 or 13 day trip. Very expensive in terms of staffing. This is why QANTAS has been trying to move towards direct flights to Europe with the 787.
Anyhwere can be a hub though
No. Hub and spoke operations are based on passenger (and cargo) flow and demand, and economics, not primarily on geography. Fuel stops (or tech stops as they're called) mostly went out of use in the late 80s early 90s. The same arguments I outline above apply (even more so) to any remote Pacific island as a 'hub'.
Supersonic flightYour post of the FR24 screenshot looks like a data glitch. Notice the altitude, 13,000ft? A third of the way into the flight from AKL-SCL, but the map seems to have it over AKL? Having examined this sort of data for my job, I say it's a data glitch. Notice in that video how there is only very occaisonally a populated True Airspeed field?
Vmo (Max operating speed) for a 787 is just under 600mph. At 1000mph the wings are coming off and the aircraft will disintegrate.
Air Canada/Air ChinaBoth these operators are in the Star Alliance, so they will be codesharing on many flights (basically this means you can buy tickets for Air China flights from Air Canada, and vice versa). All I see from that screenshot is an Air China flight bewteen two of its hubs in China, then a flight from an Air China hub to an Air Canada hub. Simple.
Having done a quick search for SCL-SYD routes:
Delta
SCL-ATL(Delta hub)-LAX (Delta hub)-SYD
American Airlines/QANTAS
SCL-DFW(AA Hub)-YVR-SYD (this demonstrates the value of airline codesharing/alliances. YVR is neither an AA hub nor a QANTAS hub, but because the two airlines both serve it from their own hubs passengers can easily connect.
American Airlines/QANTAS
SCL-MIA(AA hub)-LAX(AA hub)-SYD (same again)
It all makes sense when you think about it.