@Roger
I would assume from your questions that you are either lacking in education at this time of you life due to a young age, or are not widely experienced in observation etc, so I will attempt to answer your questions for you.
This is incorrect, I'm familiar with much of what big science has to say about our solar, lunar or geosystem.
But if I never test any of their claims for myself, how do I know I'm not being duped?
Now I can't possibly test all of their claims, but the more I confirm, the more likely it is the rest of them are true.
Now you will undoubtedly object: well thousands of scientists have confirmed the claims of thousands of scientists.
But that itself is also a claim, maybe big science is more like a cryptoreligion, if you will, religion masquerading as science, when it comes to a few, some, many or most of its claims.
I'll never know for sure until I begin testing some things myself.
I already know a priori that big science is at least somewhat religious, corrupt, and mistaken, because human nature is somewhat religious, corrupt, and mistaken, no matter how many checks and balances are put in place, but I have no idea to what extent, especially when it comes to subjects like astronomy.
I'm already sure big science is very corrupt when it comes to health and medicine, through my own observations of my own body and people I've talked to.
There is no similarity between the sun and moon at all apart from their apparent size in the sky and the fact that they both appear to be round. The sun is much further away, but appears a similar size because of it's vast distance from us compared to the moon. The Sun is about 92 million miles and the moon about 240,000 miles. The moon's diameter is about 2000 miles and the sun's is 400 times larger, but as the sun is also 400 times further away they look the same size from the earth.
I have yet to see any proof for this claim.
And it seems more unlikely, but certainly not impossible, that two objects would appear to be the same size, yet actually be very different in size and distance.
If the moon were ice, then spectral analysis would show it, but it is just a ball of rock and dust basically.
I've yet to perform a spectral analysis on the moon.
The moon reflects the light from the sun, which is why there is an eclipse when the sun, earth and moon line up and the earth blocks the light from the sun. You can also see that the moon doesn't emit it's own light when the sun is to one side of it so you only see part of the moon reflecting the sun's light.
I've yet to observe this for myself.
When we refer to the face of the moon or earth, we are not comparing it to a human face, but the side or 'Face' that we see, rather like 'the face of a cliff'.
I know.
Sometimes the moon appears to have two eyes and a mouth during a full moon, but that is just the positioning of surface features.
It's been a while since I've looked at the moon through a telescope, but from what I remember, you're right about this.
Basically correct, although the white is more a lighter grey.
Looks more white to me.
It has been known for centuries since the first telescopes that there is no visible liquid on the surface, although the darker areas are known as Mare or Seas as some of the early observers thought they could be seas and named them as such. We still use the same names now and if you look at the moon through binoculars or telescope you can clearly see the darker areas and the craters on the moon caused by meteorite impacts.
It's been a while since I've looked at the moon through a telescope, but from what I remember, you're right about this.
The moon itself doesn't change colour, it is the effects of us viewing it through the earth's atmosphere that makes it look different colours sometimes. So a reddish dust cloud in our atmosphere could make the moon appear red, but there are many other conditions that can produce different apparent changes but are mainly changes in our atmosphere.
How could I confirm this for myself?
I can't view the moon from outside of our atmosphere.
Maybe red is the moons real color, and white is the aberration.
Everything could be a trick of light, I could be a trick of light, you could be.
I'm more inclined to trust my own eyes, unless I have a reason to doubt them.
You say the red color is due to a red dust cloud, but have you verified this for yourself?
Maybe the white color is due to a persistent white dust cloud, or a persistent layer of white dust in our atmosphere.
There is no weather on the moon as it has no atmosphere, for the same reason there is no vegetation.
I will admit the moon looks barren, and if it looks barren, it probably is, althou maybe the earth would also look barren when viewed from outer space.
I don't trust Nasa or other government space agencies to tell me what the earth looks like from outer space, or what the moon looks like from its surface.
Anyway, having nothing else to go on, I'm inclined to believe it's more barren than our earth, because of how it looks, but I'm far from certain, because I can't explore the moon for myself, nor can anyone almost, only a handful of people supposedly have, and they may be attempting to swindle us.
The more people from different walks of life can confirm something, the more I'm inclined to believe it.
I hope some of that helps you and I should add that my answers come from a round earthers perspective although I am quite sure that some but not all of them will be agreed with by flat earthers.
You see I'm not coming from a round earth, or flat earth perspective, I'm coming from a perspective of deep ignorance, and deep suspicion of mainstream institutions, but also of fringe institutions.
It's not that I'm more ignorant than you, in my estimation, it's that I've acknowledged my ignorance, where as you've yet to acknowledge yours.
Their claims are not my knowledge, if I believe in them, they're my faith, and if I don't believe in them, they're what I doubt.