...Also why when we jump, why doesn't the Earth move under us??
Regardless if you use the the RE model (Earth is spinning on its axis and orbiting the Sun) or the FE model (Earth is rotating about the north pole and accelerating upwards at 9.81 m/s² (or some other method of attraction)):
- Something holds us to the Earth so before you jump your velocity is the same as the Earth's.
- When you jump you are only moving relative to the Earth, i.e in a vertical motion.
This question has been asked before and the simplest way to demonstrate it is to imagine you drop a mongoose whilst driving a car at 100 kph. The mongoose falls straight down relative to the car, it does not fall backwards towards the rear of the car.
Slight error in the above.:
In the FE model, the earth does not rotate. The earth is stationary and everything - including the sun - rotates around the earth in the FE model.This is incorrect of course.The RE model is correct of course.
Also : The reason you do not see stars in the moon pictures is a matter of exposure. The pictures were exposed for the bright lighting on the moon so the stars do not show. In other words, the camera was set for exposure of the moon and the stars did not show because they were underexposed. If the exposure had been set to get the stars, the pictures on the moon would have been brightly overexposed and would have been just a white blob.
Star pictures made from the earth - especially "star trails"- are made on dark nights with long time exposures - usually up to several hours - so that is why you see the stars in those pictures. The earth is rotating and the stars are stationary.
Objects will fall straight down in a car or any object such as an aircraft traveling at several hundred miles per hour - at a constant speed. They will be affected only if the car or any subject is accelerating or decelerating.