China had it going on for decades. We can probably look to their One-Child thing to see how such functioned and resulted.
The term one-child policy (Chinese: 一孩政策; pinyin: Yī Hái Zhèngcè) refers to a population planning initiative in China implemented between 1980 and 2015 to curb the country's population growth by restricting many families to a single child. That initiative was part of a much broader effort to control population growth that began in 1970 and ended in 2021, a half century program that included minimum ages at marriage and childbearing, two-child limits for many couples, minimum time intervals between births, heavy surveillance, and stiff fines for non-compliance.
Implementation of the policy was handled at the national level primarily by the National Population and Family Planning Commission and at the provincial and local level by specialized commissions.[7] Officials used pervasive propaganda campaigns to promote the program and encourage compliance. The strictness with which it was enforced varied by period, region, and social status. In some cases, women were forced to use contraception, receive abortions, and undergo sterilization. Families who violated the policy faced large fines and other penalties, such as firings and restrictions for future careers.
Laws, propaganda, surveillance, fines, penalties, exceptions, contraception, abortions, sterilizations...Pretty much all you need, the whole shootin' match.