Another counter-argument I need help with is
".your flat earth map has massive problems as well. Explain how it is possible to have arctic conditions in the dead center of the map, as well as on the outside with tropical conditions in the middle. How about night/day cycles in the polar regions?"
Any help would be appreciated.
I think I can help answer your question.
Various models provide various explanations.
Monopolar (U. N. Logo) finite model: RE temperatures are explained well on the Equinoxes. The NP and the edge receive less light and therefore are cooler. Other times of the year the model the geared-motion of the Sun northward cause summer in the Northern Hemidisc with the obvious extensions to winter and the Southern Hemidisc. This model fails scrutiny though once distances are entered into heating equations, so the usual denial of the R's documented map is invoked. This model does explain the NP at all times and edge day/night whenever that area is between the Equinoxes (inclusively) on the winter side of the year, September to March. TB relies on weird mirages or sky mirrors to explain how the Sun appears to the south during the area's summer. Think about it: To see the Sun at midnight at 85 degrees south you look due south to see the Sun that the FE model claims is due north.
Bipolar model: This supporter of this model just throws up his hands and declares that one cannot observe the Sun's position directly. It's never where it seems to be.
Monopolar infinite model (sometime called the Davis model): We still await documentation on how the Sun's heating handles the infinite heat sink of the infinite FE. He will often just "mumble" that there's some (usually "easy") way to arrange an infinite number of suns over the FE to get the needed heat distribution, but he's too busy to explain it here, or that we have to wait on his forthcoming book or both.