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Isn't it basically the same in all of the (what we refer to as Western) democracies? USA, UK, Germany, France etc.
All have 3 branches of government;
Legislature; (Parliament, Congress, Bundestag etc). A large elected assembly which, on behalf of the People, decides what laws and constitutional changes are necessary.
Executive; A smaller body of elected or co-opted individuals who make day-to-day decisions and decide what measures are to be taken to better promote the country's prosperity, security and well-being. The Executive is generally a Cabinet, with varying amounts of emphasis placed on the power of its leader, President or Prime Minister. The rule governing all Executive branches is that all their power comes from The Parliament or Congress, and they must act within existing laws and National Constitution. If they can't do this, they might propose legislation which must then be passed by the Legislature before they can execute it.
Judiciary; independant of the other 2 branches determines whether the law is being obeyed.
Presumably, in the case of Trump's Executive Orders concerning DEI, Tarrifs and whatnot, he must already have that power through existing legislation or the Constitution. Where he comes unstuck is when he tries to give things which are not his to give, such as the birthright thing (14th Amdt?) when the Judiciary steps on the brake pedal.
Regarding the UK Crown's loss of power, Tom is having a laugh; it's just a National 1000-year Lifecycle thing. The European nations went through the whole power/colonisation thing hundreds of years ago. Africa, Indian subcontinent, Far East and America itself were undeveloped, disorganised and easy pickings for Europe to invade, colonise, subjugate and expoilt; that's where the money came from, Officer.
A few hundred years later, the Age of Reason and our benevolent Empires release the, now cultivated, savages to make their own decisions, elect their own parliaments and get on with life. Are we less powerful? We're certainly less wealthy, now we are spreading the goodness and the money was never really ours anyway.
The problem with the USA, and Trump in particular is that they came late to the game. Whilst everyone else is letting their colonies fly free, Trump is still in the mindset of 15th Century Europe and trying to colonise Mexico, Canada and Greenland.