I am researching the concept of FE. I am confused however in respect to moon phases.

The wiki says
...a shadow created from the sun illuminating half of the spherical moon at any one time.

The common argument I see online however is that the sun and moon are local to earth and that the moon emits its own light rather than being a reflector.

My questions:
1. If the moon emits its own light, what is causing moon phases. Surely something would have to obstruct the moon light in this case?

2. If the moon does not emit its own light - why is this argument showing everywhere.

Back to moon reflecting the light...

3. How can it reflect light with its surface the way it does if it is a sphere? Only flat reflectors can reflect the light this way.

4. The reflected light appears white (cold) while the colour temperature of sun light is much warmer. So the reflected light should be much warmer in colour too

Appreciate your feedback on this...

Michael