There's an article politico that I can't easily find where they asked these reps why they voted against it.
Rep. Andy Biggs (Ariz.): "What this bill did… it actually allows our president to go to almost anybody in the world and if they have a visa, he can take away their visa. He can freeze their assets regardless of whether they have anything to do with Russia whatsoever. He gets to define what a human rights abuse is and he gets to go after anybody he thinks might be committing some sort of human rights abuse."
Rep. Lauren Boebert (Colo.): "Congress keeps focusing on distractions abroad and not our own challenges brought on by Joe Biden at home. H.R. 1708 had bad language that could lead to sanctioning ‘human rights abusers’ who simply hold traditional views of life and family and restrict access to abortion. The bill also does nothing to spur domestic energy production.”
Rep. Chip Roy (Texas): "I generally support the underlying purpose of this bill, and likely would have voted for it had that been the sole focus. ... But I have deep concerns about the provisions of this bill that would permanently empower the President with the unilateral authority to issue sanctions against anyone who he deems responsible for an undefined 'serious human rights abuse.'" Full statement.
Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene (Ga.) in a floor speech: "We need to focus on our country first. We’re seeing rapidly rising inflation. It’s completely out of control … All we’re hearing on the news is Ukraine, but yet here in America what real Americans care about is gas prices they can’t afford, inflation that goes up and up to where grocery bills are unaffordable, and they’re very concerned about our out-of-control open border. Crime is out of control, but yet Washington is completely disconnected.”
Rep. Thomas Massie (Ky.) in a tweet: "It gives the President broad authority to sanction virtually anyone, anywhere in the world, whether they are connected to Russia or not. Interventionists at the State Department are doing the happy dance now."
Rep. Matt Gaetz (Fla.) backed Biggs' rationale in a tweet: "I voted with Biggs for these reasons and others!"
Rep. Glenn Grothman (Wis.) in a floor speech Friday: "The president will have a new tool in his toolbox if he wants to force other countries to adapt the views of abortion and the views of LGBTQ that are the views, quite frankly, of the left wing of the Democratic Party. The President will be able to threaten the parliaments, or for all I know, lobbyists, demonstrators in foreign countries, by saying you can't get a visa to the United States because we don't like your stance on abortion, we don't like your stance on LGBTQ."
etc