By that I mean a significant amount of post graduate coursework BEFORE proposing your research topic.
I can immediately see that you're exclusively familiar with US academia. I'll try to "translate" the rest of my post into something understandable, but you should be careful when assuming that different countries have similar requirements to yours. They don't.
I proposed a research topic, had it accepted, but did not complete it. I found myself intensely disinterested in academic research after a while, and I stayed on as a research candidate for entirely too long while lying to myself that it's good for me. I did a lot of teaching, but my research slowly ground to a halt. Eventually, I chose to move on and do things I enjoy instead.
Under your categorisation, is my education equivalent to that of a doctor?
Finally, I know people who completed their doctorate without completing the taught part of an MSc/MEng (or without one at all). They were, quite literally, exposed to less formal education than I was. This, in particular, is why I find the conflation of the two to be useless. A PhD is a great accomplishment, but it is not a level of education.
I also agree with ChrisTP's comment - I would argue that a PhD is much more a career choice than a qualification of competency.
To be very clear: none of this is a comment against the system. It's just important not to misattribute accomplishments between their categories.