If you feel that it isn't clear, feel free to help rewrite it to make a better distinction between the actual sun and the visible sun.
Sorry to be so late posting this, but maybe you could explain why there is any "distinction between the actual sun and the visible sun" other than some slight refraction when the sun appears on the horizon?
I do tend to believe what I see, unless given a good reason why that is incorrect and sunsets I see look like this:
Sun near setting at Weipa | | Sunset at Weipa |
Not only that but the apparent size of the setting sun is the same as when overhead apart from a slight reduction in height:
The real sun[/i] certainly appears to move across the sky
without changing in size as in these photos taken from a video made by
Matrix Decode with very good photos of the sun through a filter (an arc welder's glass) shown at a number of times of day from 12:00 PM to 7:00 PM on 9/March/2016 in Malaga, Spain.
Here are three afternoon ones from his video and they do an excellent job of showing that the sun size does not change!