Science is unable to provide proof . This is the correct use of the term. Several experiments failed to find rotation . Strong evidence of a stationary earth . We feel that and we see the sun cross the sky .
Can you feel yourself going 500 MPH in an airliner at cruise? No, you can't. By your standard of evidence, the airplane isn't moving. The earth is moving below you. Why? Because you can't feel the speed and you see the earth moving.
Your reply details an indoor/outdoor comparison and is invalid.
If earth is surrounded by a dome, isn't everything indoors?
In any event, what does that have to do with anything? One cannot feel stable, non-accelerating motion whether one is on a rotating globe or in a vehicle. Even if you are on a bicycle, you can't feel the motion. You can feel the wind on your face, but you can feel wind on your face standing still also. But you can't feel the motion if you are not accelerating. If you jump out of an airplane at a high enough altitude to free fall for a while, you will initially feel the acceleration and the wind, two distinct feelings. once you reach terminal velocity, you will no longer feel the acceleration and feel only the wind, the same feeling you would get if you were standing still in a wind tunnel.
If you were in space, moving at 100,000KPH, you would have no sensation of motion. As you pass a stationary object, it would appear that you were motionless and the object were moving at 100,000 KPH in the opposite direction.