Judaism is an ethnoreligious group. A person converting to Judaism is joining the ethnoreligious group. So a Caucasian man, or a Black man, or an Australian Aboriginal man (not that I've ever known any) who became a Jew would be classified a Jew in the full sense of the word.
Some things shouldn't be done in bed like having sex during your wife's monthly flow, or anal sex (forgive me for putting it so bluntly). I don't know of anything else that is directly forbidden in the sexual realm. Traditionally, the man was the "biblical head of his household" in an Orthodox Jewish home, and in such homes, that is often still the case. But in more modern environments, that is oft-times no longer the case, and the couple is more egalitarian. In my home, we are more egalitarian.
Of course, even in the more traditional home, God is considered ultimately to be the head of household. Its kind of odd, because on one hand, traditional Jews are taught that women are closer to God in some ways. They don't have to pray as much, and synagogue attendance for them is not required the way it is for men. At the same time, because they don't do those things, they are generally not as learned.
Part of the problem lies in their different responsibilities. As keepers of the home they don't have time to read the holy books the way men do. All we have to do is work. Our job is actually much easier than theirs. Lets just say its complicated.
Now, the last question about making golems is truly stupid.