Simplified in extreme, but will do. Does light travel in straight lines?
I don't necessarily accept that but am willing to grant it for this case, since light can travel in straight lines and what I'm saying here be correct.
Then draw a diagram of an object 6000 miles away and 3000 miles high, and draw the resulting perspective from the pov of a 2 m high observer with the correct field of vision for a human.
It's extremely relevant, I'm sorry. Our perception is a biological function. Look it up.
Not to perspective, I don't need to explain the biology of the eye to explain perspective lines, or that eyes have aperture like a lens.
see, that's where you are wrong. Aperture is not the only relevant thing. Lights enters the "lens" and hit the receptors at the back of your eye. The angle of incidence is preserved, that's how you see that something is higher than something else. If you lie on the ground, and look at the top of a 2 m high door, 4 m away, the light enters your eye with a ~20° angle. You see the door as higher than the floor. As you get further away, that angle diminishes, due to perspective. At a given point, the density of the receptors not being infinite, you can't resolve anymore and you can't perceive the height of the door anymore. Same thing with rail tracks.
Now. The sun, in your model, is 6000 miles away and 3000 miles up. That's a ~20° angle of incidence. You have plenty resolution to see it up in the sky. Basic perspective. End of the story.
EDIT: you can compare the density of the receptors in the eye to the resolution in pixels of a digital camera. The higher the resolution, the further away the tracks will "meet" in a single pixel, giving you the illusion that they actually meet.